转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/chinalantian/archive/2011/09/09/2172145.html

根据自己需求到Oracle网站（）下载相应的Instant Client版本软件包，各软件包的描述如下：

 

Instant Client Package	Description	Notes
Basic	All files required to run OCI, OCCI, and JDBC-OCI applications
Basic Lite	Smaller version of the Basic, with only English error messages and Unicode, ASCII, and Western European character set support (10.2 only)
JDBC Supplement*	Additional(附加的) support for XA, Internationalization, and RowSet operations under JDBC
SQL*Plus*	Additional libraries and executable(可执行的) for running SQL*Plus with Instant Client
ODBC Supplement*	Additional(附加的) libraries for enabling ODBC applications with Instant Client (Not all platforms)
SDK*	Additional header files and an example makefile for developing Oracle applications with Instant Client
ODAC*	Includes ODP.NET, Oracle Services for MTS, Oracle Providers for ASP.NET, Oracle Provider for OLE DB, and OO4O with Oracle Instant Client

 

标*的为可选软件包。

 

 

 

1、以11.2.0.2.0版本为例，下载Basic软件包（要支持中文只能下载Basic软件包）

 

2、解压缩必须包到C:\Oracle\instantclient_11_2

 

3、设置环境变量：

 

NLS_lANG=SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

 

TNS_ADMIN=C:\Oracle\instantclient_11_2

 

Path=C:\Oracle\instantclient_11_2;%Path%

 

为避免访问数据库时出现中文乱码，NLS_lANG的设置很重要；TNS_ADMIN如不设置，tnsnames.ora默认寻址为Instant Client目录下的network\ADMIN目录；%Path%为原有Path变量。

 

4、参照下面内容编写tnsnames.ora，并保存到安装目录：C:\Oracle\instantclient_11_2

 

# TNSNAMES.ORA Network Configuration File: C:\oracle\ora90\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

 

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 

 

 

#sample

 

 

 

#DATABASENAME =

 

#  (DESCRIPTION =

 

#    (ADDRESS_LIST =

 

#      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))

 

#    )

 

#    (CONNECT_DATA =

 

#      (SERVICE_NAME = servicename)

 

#    )

 

#  )

 

 

 

如果有要连接多个Oracle实例，请继续往该文件中加入其它实例的配置。

 

5、测试：

 

C:\Oracle\instantclient_11_2>sqlplus /nolog

 

 

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Fri Sep 9 09:42:06 2011

 

 

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

 

 

SQL> conn username/password @ <连接字符串>

 

 

 

至此，安装已经完成。PLSQL Developer等工具，以及应用软件都可以正常使用了。

 

 

 

附录：Linux下环境变量设置

 

如解压到了/usr/local/oracle目录,配置好TNS_ADMIN、LD_LIBRARY_PATH等，复制到.bashrc文件部分内容如下：

 

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/NETWORK/ADMIN export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME export PATH